FACTORS ASSOCIATED OF MULTI- DRUG RESISTANT FOR TUBERCULOSIS AMONG PATIENTS IN THE UPTH MDR-TB CENTER IN A 3 YEAR RETROSPECTIVE PERIOD OF 2014 TO 2016.

Abstract

Aim: To determine the factors associated with MDR-TB among patients in the UPTH MDR-TB center. Methodology: The research was a cross sectional retrospective study. Data extraction tool was employed in retrieving information from eligible patients’ folders and hospital records. The data collected were subjected for statistical analysis using SPSS version 21.0. Results were presented in frequencies, percentages and tables. Results: The study was conducted on 133 patients and it found out that pattern of drug resistance was consistent with Rifampicin resistance in single (99.25%) and combined design (67.67%). There was pan-resistance (RHEZ resistance) in 6.77%. There was a male (53.38%) predominance compared to females (46.62%). The sociodemographic indices showed that most cases of MDR-TB were in those within 30- 39 age ranges. About 93% of those affected was within 20 - 49 years of age. The anthropometric indices show that 55.64% of the patients were underweight (˂18.5kg/m2) BMI. The major presentations of the patients were cough and weight loss at 98.50% each. The majority (70.68%) of the patients were those previously treated for tuberculosis. There was also no statistically significant relationship between the major presentations and drug resistance pattern. Majority (84.96%) of the patients presented with comorbid conditions. HIV was 42.1%, HBV (1.5%), DM (10.5%), Cardiac disease (12.03%), anemia (42.9%), chronic liver disease (5.3%), hearing impairment (35.3%), lung disease (19.6%) and chronic kidney disease (5.3%). Neuropsychiatric illness at 21.05% with p= 0.05 and poor ventilation at 35.34% with a p˂ 0.05 showed statistically significant association to the drug resistant pattern Conclusion: The patients managed at the center showed resistance pattern highest to rifampicin with male predominance. The contribution from the social environment was significant and there were considerable successful treatment outcomes (sputum sero-conversion) at 62.41%. However, there is need to improve in susceptibility testing as well as community awareness