Personality traits are characteristic patterns of thought, feelings and behaviors that define an individual’s personality. In spite of a number of works done on personality traits, there is limitation on the use of models that is fully representative of diverse cultural contexts, such as Nigeria. This study explored the underlying personality traits prevalent among Nigerians using factor analysis, a statistical approach to identify latent variables influencing observed behavior. The study examined how Nigerian personality traits align with widely recognized models, such as the big five personality traits, and investigated variations across demographic factors like age, gender, occupation, educational level and primary area of studies. Data were collected from 108 respondents using an online questionnaire and the study also utilized multivariate regression analysis to examine how some traits influenced these psychological factors. Factor analysis was employed to identify the underlying structures in the data. Five factors were extracted from personality traits and they jointly accounted for 63.07% of the total variability. Three factors were extracted from personality needs which accounted for 70.26% of the total variability and the factors are: social support empathy, achievement & motivation goals and emotional regulation & resilience. The findings from multivariate regression model revealed that conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness significantly influenced various psychological factors, particularly self-motivation, goal setting, emotional regulation, and resilience. While extroversion and neuroticism had less influence, they still played a minor role in some of the analyzed models. The study highlights the importance of personality traits in shaping psychological outcomes and underscores the potential for developing interventions to enhance these traits in individuals to improve their psychological resilience and motivation